What is it?
Chiari-like Malformation (CM) is a condition where the back part of the skull is too small, causing the cerebellum (part of the brain) to be pushed out into the foramen magnum (the hole in the base of the skull where the spinal cord exits). This can block the normal flow of cerebrospinal fluid and can lead to a collection of fluid pockets within the spinal cord known as syringomyelia (SM).
Symptoms:
- Pain: This is the most common symptom. Dogs might yelp or scream unexpectedly, especially when lifted or when their neck is touched.
- Scratching: Affected dogs often scratch at their neck and shoulder area, usually while walking and often without making skin contact.
- Weakness and muscle atrophy: In severe cases, dogs might show signs of weakness or muscle wasting.
Diagnosis:
The diagnosis of CM (and the associated condition, syringomyelia) is typically made using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
Treatment:
Treatment can vary based on the severity of the condition and the presence of symptoms:
- Medication: Drugs like gabapentin, pregabalin, or corticosteroids can help manage pain.
- Surgery: In severe cases, surgery might be recommended to decompress the affected area.
CM Carrier:
- Definition: The term “CM Carrier” typically refers to a dog that carries the genetic predisposition or markers associated with Chiari-like Malformation but may not necessarily show clinical signs or symptoms of the condition.
- Implications for Breeding: A CM Carrier dog can pass on the genetic predisposition for CM to its offspring. Breeding two carriers or a carrier with an affected dog can increase the risk of producing puppies that develop CM or the more severe condition, syringomyelia (SM).
- Risk of Developing CM: While carriers have the genetic predisposition, they may not always develop the condition or may have a milder form. However, they can pass the predisposition to their offspring.
Breeding Considerations:
Given that CM is a hereditary condition in Cavaliers, responsible breeders, like Elfore Cavaliers, test their breeding dogs using MRI scans to determine if they have the condition. Elfore Cavaliers is committed to making informed breeding decisions to reduce the risk of producing affected puppies and ensuring the health and well-being of their dogs.
Conclusion:
Chiari-like Malformation is a significant health concern in the Cavalier King Charles Spaniel breed. Prospective owners should be aware of this condition and choose breeders, like Elfore Cavaliers, who prioritize the health of their dogs and conduct tests for CM and other genetic disorders.
